:root {
  --ish-bg0: #071a14;
  --ish-bg1: #0c2a20;
  --ish-bg2: #12382b;
  --ish-gold: #d4b06a;
  --ish-gold-soft: #e8d2a0;
  --ish-mist: #c9d6cf;
  --ish-text: #f3efe6;
  --ish-muted: #a8b8b0;
  --ish-line: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.28);
  --ish-card: rgba(8, 28, 22, 0.55);
  --ish-radius: 18px;
  --ish-font-ar: "Amiri", "Traditional Arabic", serif;
  --ish-font-display: "Cormorant Garamond", Georgia, serif;
  --ish-font-ui: "Outfit", "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --ish-ease: cubic-bezier(0.22, 1, 0.36, 1);
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body.ish-theme {
  margin: 0;
  min-height: 100vh;
  color: var(--ish-text);
  background: var(--ish-bg0);
  font-family: var(--ish-font-ui);
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 0.18em;
}

a:hover {
  color: #fff;
}

.screen-reader-text,
.ish-skip {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  border: 0;
}

.ish-skip:focus {
  position: fixed;
  top: 12px;
  left: 12px;
  z-index: 10000;
  width: auto;
  height: auto;
  margin: 0;
  clip: auto;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  background: var(--ish-gold);
  color: #111;
  border-radius: 8px;
}

/* —— Top bar —— */
.ish-top {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 40;
  backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
  background: rgba(7, 26, 20, 0.72);
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.ish-top__inner {
  max-width: 1120px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0.85rem 1.25rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.ish-brand {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.ish-brand__domain {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 2vw, 1.75rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
  color: var(--ish-text);
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.ish-brand:hover .ish-brand__domain {
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-lang-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  padding: 0.55rem 0.85rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ish-line);
  border-radius: 999px;
  background: rgba(18, 56, 43, 0.65);
  color: var(--ish-text);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: border-color 0.25s var(--ish-ease), background 0.25s var(--ish-ease);
}

.ish-lang-btn:hover,
.ish-lang-btn[aria-expanded="true"] {
  border-color: var(--ish-gold);
  background: rgba(28, 72, 56, 0.85);
}

.ish-lang-btn__chev {
  width: 0.45rem;
  height: 0.45rem;
  border-right: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  border-bottom: 1.5px solid currentColor;
  transform: rotate(45deg);
  margin-top: -0.2rem;
  opacity: 0.7;
}

/* —— Language panel —— */
.ish-lang-panel[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

.ish-lang-panel {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 50;
}

.ish-lang-panel__backdrop {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.55);
}

.ish-lang-panel__sheet {
  position: absolute;
  top: 4.5rem;
  right: 1rem;
  left: 1rem;
  max-width: 420px;
  margin-inline-start: auto;
  max-height: min(70vh, 640px);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #102e24, #0a1f18);
  border: 1px solid var(--ish-line);
  border-radius: var(--ish-radius);
  box-shadow: 0 30px 80px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.45);
  overflow: hidden;
  animation: ish-rise 0.35s var(--ish-ease);
}

@keyframes ish-rise {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(12px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.ish-lang-panel__head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 1rem 1rem 0.5rem;
}

.ish-lang-panel__head h2 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}

.ish-icon-btn {
  border: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--ish-mist);
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  line-height: 1;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.45rem;
}

.ish-search {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.5rem 1rem 0.75rem;
}

.ish-search input {
  width: 100%;
  padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem;
  border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
  color: var(--ish-text);
  font: inherit;
}

.ish-search input:focus {
  outline: 2px solid var(--ish-gold);
  outline-offset: 1px;
}

.ish-lang-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  overflow: auto;
}

.ish-lang-list li button,
.ish-lang-list li a.ish-lang-link {
  width: 100%;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  gap: 0.65rem;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: start;
  padding: 0.7rem 0.75rem;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 12px;
  background: transparent;
  color: inherit;
  font: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.ish-lang-list li button:hover,
.ish-lang-list li button.is-active,
.ish-lang-list li a.ish-lang-link:hover,
.ish-lang-list li a.ish-lang-link.is-active {
  background: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.12);
}

.ish-seo-langs {
  padding: 2.5rem 1.25rem 3.5rem;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
}

.ish-seo-langs__inner {
  max-width: 960px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.ish-seo-langs__title {
  margin: 0 0 1rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  text-align: center;
}

.ish-seo-langs__list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.45rem 0.65rem;
  justify-content: center;
}

.ish-seo-langs__list a {
  display: inline-flex;
  gap: 0.35rem;
  align-items: baseline;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.65rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  color: var(--ish-mist);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
}

.ish-seo-langs__list a:hover,
.ish-seo-langs__list a[aria-current="page"] {
  border-color: var(--ish-line);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-seo-langs__list span {
  opacity: 0.55;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.ish-lang-list .native {
  font-weight: 600;
}

.ish-lang-list .name {
  color: var(--ish-muted);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
}

/* —— Hero —— */
.ish-hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: min(100vh, 920px);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 3.5rem 1.25rem 4.5rem;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.ish-hero__atmosphere {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 55% at 50% 0%, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.16), transparent 55%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 70% 50% at 80% 80%, rgba(34, 90, 70, 0.55), transparent 60%),
    linear-gradient(165deg, #06140f 0%, #0c2a20 42%, #071a14 100%);
}

.ish-hero__pattern {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  opacity: 0.14;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.35) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.35) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 48px 48px;
  mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse 65% 60% at 50% 40%, #000 20%, transparent 75%);
}

.ish-hero__content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: min(820px, 100%);
  text-align: center;
  animation: ish-fade 0.9s var(--ish-ease) both;
}

@keyframes ish-fade {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateY(18px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateY(0);
  }
}

.ish-hero__brand {
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2rem, 5vw, 3.1rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-hero__title {
  margin: 0 0 0.6rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.35rem, 3vw, 1.85rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--ish-mist);
}

.ish-hero__sub {
  margin: 0 auto 2rem;
  max-width: 34rem;
  color: var(--ish-muted);
  font-size: 1.05rem;
}

.ish-shahada {
  margin: 0 auto 1.35rem;
  padding: 1.5rem 1.25rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--ish-line);
  border-radius: calc(var(--ish-radius) + 4px);
  background: var(--ish-card);
  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
}

.ish-shahada__arabic {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-ar);
  font-size: clamp(1.85rem, 5.2vw, 2.85rem);
  line-height: 1.85;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: #fff8ea;
  text-shadow: 0 2px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35);
}

.ish-translit {
  margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
  max-width: 40rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 2.4vw, 1.3rem);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-meaning {
  margin: 0 auto 2rem;
  max-width: 38rem;
  padding: 1rem 1.15rem;
  border-radius: 14px;
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.03);
}

.ish-meaning__label {
  margin: 0 0 0.35rem;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ish-gold);
}

.ish-meaning__text {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  color: var(--ish-mist);
}

.ish-actions {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  justify-content: center;
}

.ish-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.55rem;
  min-height: 3rem;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.35rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid transparent;
  font: inherit;
  font-weight: 600;
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ish-ease), background 0.2s var(--ish-ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ish-ease);
}

.ish-btn:active {
  transform: scale(0.98);
}

.ish-btn--primary {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #d9b874, #b8903f);
  color: #1a1206;
}

.ish-btn--primary:hover {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e6c98a, #c49d4a);
}

.ish-btn--ghost {
  background: transparent;
  border-color: var(--ish-line);
  color: var(--ish-text);
}

.ish-btn--ghost:hover {
  border-color: var(--ish-gold);
}

.ish-btn--secondary {
  background: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.12);
  border-color: var(--ish-line);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-btn__icon {
  width: 0.85rem;
  height: 0.85rem;
  background: currentColor;
  clip-path: polygon(0 0, 100% 50%, 0 100%);
}

.ish-btn.is-playing .ish-btn__icon {
  clip-path: inset(0 28% 0 28%);
}

.ish-audio-status {
  min-height: 1.4em;
  margin: 0.85rem 0 0;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--ish-muted);
}

/* —— After section —— */
.ish-after {
  padding: 4rem 1.25rem;
  background:
    linear-gradient(180deg, transparent, rgba(18, 56, 43, 0.35)),
    var(--ish-bg0);
}

.ish-after__inner {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
}

.ish-after h2 {
  margin: 0 0 1.75rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.7rem, 3.5vw, 2.3rem);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.ish-path {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 0;
  text-align: start;
}

.ish-path__item {
  position: relative;
  padding-block-end: 0.85rem;
}

.ish-path__item:not(:last-child)::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset-inline-start: 1.35rem;
  top: 2.75rem;
  bottom: -0.1rem;
  width: 1px;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.6), rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.12));
}

.ish-path__card {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2.7rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0.9rem;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 1rem 1.1rem 1rem 0;
  border-radius: var(--ish-radius);
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07);
  background: rgba(12, 42, 32, 0.55);
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ish-ease), border-color 0.2s var(--ish-ease), background 0.2s var(--ish-ease);
}

body.is-rtl .ish-path__card {
  padding: 1rem 0 1rem 1.1rem;
}

.ish-path__card:hover,
.ish-path__card:focus-visible {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  border-color: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.55);
  background: rgba(18, 56, 43, 0.78);
}

.ish-path__card:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--ish-gold);
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.ish-path__num {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 2.7rem;
  height: 2.7rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.45);
  background: #102e24;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px var(--ish-bg0);
}

.ish-path__content {
  display: grid;
  gap: 0.3rem;
  min-width: 0;
  padding-block-start: 0.12rem;
}

.ish-path__content strong {
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-path__text {
  color: var(--ish-muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.ish-path__content small {
  color: rgba(238, 235, 225, 0.55);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.ish-approach {
  scroll-margin-top: 6rem;
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
  padding: 1.25rem 1.35rem;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 0.95rem;
  align-items: start;
  text-align: start;
  border: 1px solid rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.28);
  border-radius: var(--ish-radius);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.09), rgba(12, 42, 32, 0.58));
}

.ish-approach__mark {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 2.45rem;
  height: 2.45rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.16);
  border: 1px solid rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.4);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.ish-approach h3 {
  margin: 0 0 0.45rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-approach p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ish-mist);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

/* —— Sources / pages —— */
.ish-sources,
.ish-page {
  padding: 3rem 1.25rem 4rem;
}

.ish-sources__inner,
.ish-page__inner {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.ish-sources h2 {
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.6rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.75rem;
}

.ish-sources p,
.ish-sources li {
  color: var(--ish-muted);
}

.ish-sources code {
  font-size: 0.88em;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-article h1 {
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
}

.ish-content {
  color: var(--ish-mist);
}

/* —— Footer —— */
.ish-foot {
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.06);
  padding: 2.5rem 1.25rem;
  background: #050f0c;
}

.ish-foot__inner {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  text-align: center;
}

.ish-foot__brand {
  margin: 0 0 0.5rem;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-foot__note,
.ish-foot__credit {
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
  color: var(--ish-muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

body.is-rtl .ish-hero__content,
body.is-rtl .ish-after__inner,
body.is-rtl .ish-foot__inner {
  direction: rtl;
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {

  .ish-lang-panel__sheet {
    top: auto;
    bottom: 0;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    max-width: none;
    max-height: 78vh;
    border-radius: 18px 18px 0 0;
  }

  .ish-actions {
    flex-direction: column;
  }

  .ish-btn {
    width: 100%;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation: none !important;
    transition: none !important;
  }
}

/* —— 1.6: On-site New Muslim Encyclopedia —— */
.ish-ency {
  padding: 4.5rem 1.25rem 4rem;
  background:
    radial-gradient(circle at 15% 0%, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.08), transparent 34rem),
    linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(18, 56, 43, 0.22), transparent 28rem),
    var(--ish-bg0);
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
}

.ish-ency__inner {
  max-width: 980px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.ish-ency__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 1rem;
}

.ish-ency__card {
  scroll-margin-top: 6rem;
  min-width: 0;
  padding: 1.35rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border-radius: calc(var(--ish-radius) + 2px);
  background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(18, 56, 43, 0.68), rgba(7, 26, 20, 0.88));
  box-shadow: 0 16px 44px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.14);
}

.ish-ency__card:last-child {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  border-color: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.32);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.08), rgba(12, 42, 32, 0.72));
}

.ish-ency__head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}

.ish-ency__num {
  flex: 0 0 auto;
  display: inline-flex;
  width: 2.2rem;
  height: 2.2rem;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  border-radius: 50%;
  border: 1px solid rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.42);
  background: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.1);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.ish-ency__card h3 {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--ish-font-display);
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2.4vw, 1.55rem);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
}

.ish-ency__card p {
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ish-mist);
  line-height: 1.85;
}

.ish-ency__terms {
  margin-top: 0.7rem !important;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.035em;
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft) !important;
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.ish-ency__resources {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.45rem;
  margin-top: 1rem;
}

.ish-ency__resources a {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  padding: 0.38rem 0.65rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.2);
  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.16);
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.ish-ency__resources a:hover,
.ish-ency__resources a:focus-visible {
  border-color: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.65);
  background: rgba(212, 176, 106, 0.1);
}

.ish-foot__links {
  margin: 1.1rem auto 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0.45rem;
}

.ish-foot__links a {
  display: inline-flex;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
  border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.08);
  border-radius: 999px;
  color: var(--ish-muted);
  font-size: 0.78rem;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.ish-foot__links a:hover,
.ish-foot__links a:focus-visible {
  color: var(--ish-gold-soft);
  border-color: var(--ish-line);
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .ish-ency {
    padding: 3.25rem 1rem 3rem;
  }

  .ish-ency__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .ish-ency__card:last-child {
    grid-column: auto;
  }

  .ish-ency__card {
    padding: 1.1rem;
  }
}